| Weight | Unit | AA% | Boil (min) | Form |
|---|
| Addition | Utilization | IBU |
|---|
How the math works
Tinseth formula:
bigness = 1.65 × 0.000125^(boil_gravity − 1)
timeFactor = (1 − exp(−0.04 × boil_time)) / 4.15
utilization = bigness × timeFactor × form_modifier
IBU = AA% × weight_g × utilization × 1000 / batch_L
Form modifiers: pellet 1.0, leaf 0.92, cryo 2.0. Whirlpool additions are modeled as a 15-minute boil equivalent. Dry hops contribute 0 IBU. BU:GU ratio = IBU / gravity-points (e.g. 1.050 → 50).